* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
    background-color: #f4f4f6; /* Light grey background */
    color: #1a1a1a;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* --- Header / Navigation --- */
header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 20px 50px;
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index:1000;
    background-color: #f4f4f6;
}

.logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.logo-dot {
    height: 18px;
    width: 18px;
    background-color: #f5a623; /* Orange dot */
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-right: 10px;
}

nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
}

nav ul li {
    margin-left: 20px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #333;
    cursor: pointer;
}

/* Divider lines between links */
nav ul li:not(:last-child)::after {
    content: "|";
    margin-left: 20px;
    color: #999;
    font-weight: 300;
}

nav ul li a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    transition: color 0.3s;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
    color: #f5a623;
}

/* --- Main Content Section --- */
main {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: 85vh; /* Takes up most of the viewport height */
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    gap: 60px; /* Space between image and text */
}

/* Left Column: Image */
.profile-container {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end; /* Push image towards the center */
}

.profile-img-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    width: 350px;
    height: 350px;
    background-color: #f4f4f6;
    border-radius: 50%; 
    padding: 10px; /* Creates the white border thickness */
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.profile-img {
    width: 95%;
    height: 95%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 48%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

/* Right Column: Text */
.content-container {
    flex: 1;
    max-width: 600px;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 4.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.1;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: #000;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #222;
}

p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #4a4a4a;
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    text-align: justify; 
}

/* --- Circular Buttons --- */
.button-group {
    display: flex;
    gap: 70px;
}

.circle-btn {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #1a1a1a;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.1 rem;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.circle-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.btn-yellow {
    background-color: #f2aa00; /* Mustard Yellow */
}

.btn-red {
    background-color: #f74d39; /* Red */
}

.btn-blue {
    background-color: #6d90d8; /* Soft Blue */
}

/* --- Responsive Design --- */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
    main {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding-top: 40px;
    }

    .profile-container {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    h1 {
        font-size: 3rem;
    }

    .button-group {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    header {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
    }
}

footer {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1200px; /* Aligns with main content */
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px 60px 20px; /* Bottom padding for breathing room */
    margin-top: 50px;
}

.footer-divider {
    height: 1px;
    background-color: #d1d1d1; /* The thin grey line */
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    width: 100%;
}

.footer-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between; /* Spreads items: Left, Center, Right */
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.footer-col h3 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #000;
}

.email-link {
    color: #1a1a1a;
    text-decoration: underline;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.social-icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.social-icons a {
    color: #000;
    font-size: 1.8rem; /* Icon size */
    transition: color 0.2s;
}

.social-icons a:hover {
    color: #555;
}

.copyright-col {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-end; /* Pushes text to align with the icons visually */
    height: 100%;
    margin-top: auto; 
}

.copyright-col p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #1a1a1a;
    margin: 0;
    margin-top: 35px; /* Aligns vertically with the other columns */
}

/* Footer Responsive for Mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .footer-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 30px;
    }
    
    .copyright-col p {
        margin-top: 0;
    }
}

/* --- CV Page Specific Styles --- */

/* Wrapper for the CV page content */
.cv-main {
    flex-direction: column; /* Stack elements vertically */
    align-items: flex-start; /* Align to the left */
    display: block; /* Overrides the flex centering from the home page main */
    padding-top: 40px;
}

/* Page Title "Jing Zang" */
.page-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

/* Divider Line & Icons Container */
.cv-divider-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
    position: relative;
}

.cv-divider {
    height: 1px;
    background-color: #d1d1d1;
    flex-grow: 1; /* Takes up all available space */
}

.cv-header-icons {
    margin-left: 20px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    align-items: center;
}

.cv-header-icons a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #000;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* The Grid Layout for Sections (Education, etc.) */
.cv-section {
    display: flex;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 60px; /* Space between Education and next section */
    
}

/* Left Column: "Education" Title */
.cv-section-title {
    width: 25%; /* Takes up 25% of the width */
    padding-right: 20px;
}

.cv-section-title h2 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1a1a1a;
}

/* Right Column: List of entries */
.cv-items-list {
    width: 75%; /* Takes up the rest */
}

.cv-item {
    display: flex;
    margin-bottom: 40px; /* Space between PhD and Masters */
}

.cv-date {
    width: 150px; /* Fixed width for dates */
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #555;
    flex-shrink: 0; /* Prevents date from getting squished */
    padding-right: 20px;
}

.date-note {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-style: italic;
    color: #777;
}

.cv-details {
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.cv-details h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.cv-details h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    color: #333;
}

.cv-details p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #4a4a4a;
    line-height: 1.6;
    text-align: left; /* Ensures text isn't justified like the home page if not needed */
}

/* Responsive: Stack vertically on mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .cv-section {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .cv-section-title {
        width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }

    .cv-items-list {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .cv-item {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .cv-date {
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
}
/* --- Journal List Specifics --- */
.journal-title {
    padding-right: 20px;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
}

.journal-title h2 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1a1a1a;
}

.journal-list {
    list-style-type: none; /* Removes default bullets */
    padding: 0;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
}

.journal-list li {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #4a4a4a;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 20px; /* Space between each publication */
}

.journal-list li a {
    color: #1a1a1a;
    text-decoration: underline; /* Matches the links in image_196a2e.png */
}

.journal-list li a:hover {
    color: #f5a623;
}

/* --- Professional Service Section --- */

.service-section {
    display: flex;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 60px; /* Space between Education and next section */
    justify-content: flex-end;
}

.service-group {
    margin-bottom: 30px; /* Space between groups (e.g. between Reviewer and Leadership) */
}

.service-group h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #000;
    /* This ensures headers look distinct from the list items */
}

.service-list {
    list-style: none; /* We remove default bullets to control alignment better */
    padding: 0;
}

.service-list li {
    display: flex; /* Aligns text and date side-by-side */
    justify-content: space-between; /* Pushes date to the far right */
    align-items: baseline; /* Aligns text properly even if font sizes differ */
    margin-bottom: 8px; /* Space between rows */
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #4a4a4a;
}

/* Custom Bullet Point */
.service-text::before {
    content: "•";
    color: #000;
    font-weight: bold;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 1em; /* Space for the bullet */
    margin-left: -1em; /* Pulls bullet left so text aligns */
}

.service-text {
    padding-left: 15px; /* Indent text slightly */
    text-align: left;
    max-width: 80%; /* Ensures text wraps before hitting the date */
}

.service-date {
    font-style: italic;
    color: #1a1a1a;
    text-align: right;
    white-space: nowrap; /* Prevents date from wrapping */
    flex-shrink: 0; /* Ensures date is never squished */
    margin-left: 20px; /* Minimum space between text and date */
}

.projects-main {
    display: block !important;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 20px;
}

.projects-main h1 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-bottom: 50px; /* Space between "Research Publications" and the content */
    border-bottom: 2px solid #eaeaea; /* Optional: Adds a subtle line under the main title */
    padding-bottom: 20px;
}
/* THE LAYOUT CONTAINER */
/* This targets the parent container to create the side-by-side layout */
.projects-main > .Publication {
    display: flex;          /* Enables side-by-side layout */
    align-items: flex-start;/* Aligns text and image to the top */
    gap: 50px;              /* Creates the big space between text and image */
    margin-bottom: 60px;    /* Space between this project and the next one */
    justify-content: space-between;
}

/* THE TEXT SECTION */
.Publication.description {
    flex: 1.3;              /* Gives the text section slightly more width (approx 60%) */
    min-width: 300px;
    max-width: 600px;
}

.Publication.description h2 {
    text-decoration: underline; /* Adds the underline seen in your image */
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #000;
}

.Publication.description p {
    line-height: 1.6;       /* Makes the text easier to read */
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #333;
}

/* THE IMAGE SECTION */
.Publication.image {
    flex: 1;                /* Gives the image section the remaining width (approx 40%) */
    text-align: center;     /* Centers the image within its column */
    display: block;         /* Reset layout */
}

.Publication.image img {
    width: 100%;            /* Ensures image fits the column */
    max-width: 500px;       /* Prevents image from getting too huge on big screens */
    height: auto;
    padding-top: 80px;           /* Maintains aspect ratio */
}

/* MOBILE RESPONSIVENESS */
/* Stacks the text and image vertically on small screens/phones */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .projects-main > .Publication {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .Publication.image {
        width: 100%;
        margin-top: 20px;
    }
}

.side-projects{
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 50px 300px;
    justify-content: center;
}

.side-project{
    min-width: 300px;
    max-width: 400px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.side-project img{
    width: 300px;
    height: 200px;
    padding-top: 40px;
    object-fit: cover;
}

/* 1. Center the entire page content */
.contact-clean-main {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 70vh; /* Takes up 70% of the screen height */
    text-align: center;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.contact-hero h1 {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    color: #000;
}

.contact-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #555;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

/* 2. The Big Email Link Style */
.big-email-link {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 2.5rem; /* Very large text */
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1a1a1a;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 3px solid #f5a623; /* Orange underline */
    padding-bottom: 5px;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.big-email-link:hover {
    color: #f5a623;
    border-color: #1a1a1a;
    transform: scale(1.02); /* Slight zoom on hover */
}

/* 3. Location and Icons */
.contact-details {
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.location {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #777;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.location i {
    margin-right: 8px;
    color: #f5a623;
}

.social-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 20px;
}

.social-circle {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #1a1a1a;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.social-circle:hover {
    background-color: #f5a623;
    color: white;
    border-color: #f5a623;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

/* Responsive adjustment for mobile */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
    .contact-hero h1 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
    .big-email-link {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
}